The LUPA-4000 is a 4.19-megapixel M/C image sensor manufactured by On Semi (Cypress). It delivers a 2048 × 2048 pixel array with a 12 µm pixel pitch, providing efficient photon collection at each photosite. The optical format spans a 34.756 mm diagonal with a 0.042361111 aspect ratio, suitable for medium-format and high-end machine vision systems. With 12 µm pixels, the sensor features large pixels optimised for high sensitivity and dynamic range in low-light and scientific applications.